What is the appropriate designation for Juana, who works for a company in Switzerland while being a native Texan and managing operations in Hong Kong?

The correct designation for Juana is a third-country national. This term is used to describe an employee who is a citizen of one country (in this case, the United States) but works for a company in another country (Switzerland) while managing operations in yet another country (Hong Kong).

Third-country nationals are important in international business because they bring diverse perspectives and skills which can enrich a company's operations across different cultural and geographic environments. Juana's role highlights the global nature of modern businesses, where employees may not belong to the host country where they work or the home country of the company they are employed by.

In contrast, an expatriate refers specifically to an employee who is sent to work in a foreign country and usually retains their home country's citizenship. A home-country national would be someone who is a citizen of the home country of the company and works in another country, while a host-country national is a citizen of the country where the subsidiary or branch office is located. Thus, Juana's situation aligns with that of a third-country national, emphasizing her unique position in the global workforce.