Which of the following terms relates to the belief that effort leads to performance?

The correct term that relates to the belief that effort leads to performance is expectancy. Expectancy is a key component of Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory of motivation, which posits that individuals are motivated to act in a certain way based on the expected outcome of their actions. Specifically, if an individual believes that putting in effort will lead to a desirable level of performance, they are more likely to be motivated to exert that effort.

In this context, expectancy emphasizes the relationship between effort and performance. If employees believe that their hard work and effort will translate into successful performance, they are more likely to engage fully in their tasks. This concept is crucial in management and motivation because it helps leaders understand what drives their employees and how to effectively encourage high performance through clear pathways to success.

Other options are related to different aspects of the theory: instrumentality refers to the belief that performance leads to outcomes, valence pertains to the value an individual places on the outcomes, and acceptance does not specifically relate to this motivational framework.